International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies
2019, Vol. 7, Issue 6, Part B
Stress responses of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) to high ammonia levels
Author(s): Ronald V Constantino, Rea Mae C Templonuevo and Lorenz J Fajardo
Abstract: Red tilapia is becoming a popular species in aquaculture but few studies are available regarding its responses to environmental stress. In this study, 16 pieces of Red tilapia was subjected to high ammonia levels. Stress level was monitored by means of observing the changes in ventilation rate (VR), eye color pattern (ECP) and skin color of the fish before the introduction of stressor and immediately after 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 30 min later. Three treatments were assessed: T1 (control); T2 (0.046-0.05 ppm of NH
3-N); T3 (0.06-0.10 ppm of NH
3-N) and T4 (0.11-0.15 ppm of NH
3-N). Results showed that the mean VR, ECP and skin color of the Red tilapia exposed to ammonia stress (T2, T3 and T4) were significantly higher (
P<0.05) compared to control (T1). Faster VR, darker ECP and intensified skin color were observed in all treatments with high ammonia levels.
Related Graphics: Click here for more related graphics:
Fig. 1: Skincolor of red tilapia subjected to 0.11-0.15ppm of un-ionized ammonia: (a) before introduction to stressor; (b) after introduction to stressor
Fig. 2: Skin color chart
Click Here
How to cite this article:
Ronald V Constantino, Rea Mae C Templonuevo, Lorenz J Fajardo. Stress responses of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) to high ammonia levels. Int J Fish Aquat Stud 2019;7(6):89-93.
