Author(s): Manisha Aswale, Rohini Ghongade, Manjit Singh Arora and Sangeeta Sinha

Abstract: Bleaching Power (Calcium hypochlorite) is commercially used as a laundry detergent and the water used for such process goes into the aquatic environment such as water resources. Quality of the water can be indicated by the fishes living in that environment. In the present study, the freshwater fish, Labeo rohita fingerlings were exposed to sub-lethal concentration of bleaching powder for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours and LC50 was found to be at 28 ppm. At the concentration of 50 ppm bleaching powder the activity of LDH was significantly increased in liver (247 ± 1.8 IU/L, p<0.001) and gills (142 ± 1.1 IU/L, p<0.05) compared to control. Significant changes were recorded in various anti-oxidative enzymes catalase (CAT), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and Glutathione Reductase (GR) of the bleaching powder treated liver and gill tissues. Lipid peroxides were also significantly increased in liver 50 ppm in liver (79% ± 1.5, p<0.05) and gills (91% ± 1.6, p<0.001) with respect to control tissues exposed to bleaching powder. The histological examination of the gills of Labeo rohita revealed the Deterioration of bronchial, fusion of secondary gill lamellae secondary gill lamellar epithelium due to bleaching powder. The result showed that acute bleaching powder toxicity severely affects the normal behavior and vital organs which is deleterious for the exposed fish.

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