International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies
2016, Vol. 4, Issue 2, Part C
Effects of dietary iron oxide nanoparticles on the growth performance, biochemical constituents and physiological stress responses of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post-larvae
Author(s): V Srinivasan, P Saravana Bhavan, G Rajkumar, T Satgurunathan, T Muralisankar
Abstract: This study was performed to assess the growth promoting potential of dietary Fe
2O
3 NPs in
Macrobrachium rosenbergii PL. Fe
2O
3 NPs was supplemented at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg kg
-1 with the basal diet (containing 5.45 mg Iron kg
-1). The concentration of Fe in Fe
2O
3 NPs supplemented diet was increased correspondingly. Fe
2O
3 NPs supplemented diets were fed to
M. rosenbergii PL (initial weight, 0.11±0.04 g) for a period of 90 days. In the carcass of experimental prawns, the content of Fe was found to be elevated significantly when compared with control. Similarly, Cu, Zn, Ca, Mg, Na and K levels were also elevated. Therefore, the supplemented Fe
2O
3 NPs were taken up and incorporated into the body of the prawns, which facilitates absorption of other minerals as well. Significant (
P < 0.05) improvements were observed in survival, growth, activities of digestive enzymes (protease, amylase and lipase), concentrations of basic biochemical constituents (total protein, amino acid, carbohydrate and lipid, profiles of amino acids and fatty acids) and population of haemocytes [total and differential (hyalinocytes, semigranulocytes and granulocytes)] at 10 and 20 mg kg
-1 Fe
2O
3 NPs supplemented feeds fed prawns, whereas, 30-50 mg kg
-1 Fe
2O
3 NPs supplementations showed negative performance. The polynomial regression analysis revealed that a dietary requirement of 24.56 mg kg
-1 Fe
2O
3 NPs for optimal growth of prawns. SDS-PAGE revealed separation of 14 polypeptide bands in the muscle of prawns. Among these, the staining intensity of 116, 99, 50, 26, 20, 18, 15, 14 and 13 kDa polypeptide bands were found to be higher in 20 mg kg
-1 Fe
2O
3 NPs supplemented feed fed prawn when compared with control. The lowest food conversion ratio (FCR) recorded in 20 mg kg
-1 of Fe
2O
3 NPs supplemented diet fed PL reflects the superior quality of the diet prepared. Therefore, up to optimum level supplementation of Fe
2O
3 NPs, the general health of the experimental prawns was improved due to its incorporation in the body. But beyond the optimum level it turned towards toxic. Therefore significant (
P<0.05) elevations in activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase), lipid peroxidation, and metabolic enzymes (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase) were recorded in 30-50 mg kg
-1 Fe
2O
3 NPs supplemented diets fed prawns. The better profiles of protein, amino acids, fatty acids, biochemical constituents and haemocytes helped to attain appreciable survival and growth of
M. rosenbergii PL. Thus, this study recommends Fe
2O
3 NPs supplementation up to 20 mg kg
-1 for its sustainable maintenance.
Pages: 170-182 | 3210 Views 822 DownloadsDownload Full Article: Click Here
How to cite this article:
V Srinivasan, P Saravana Bhavan, G Rajkumar, T Satgurunathan, T Muralisankar. Effects of dietary iron oxide nanoparticles on the growth performance, biochemical constituents and physiological stress responses of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post-larvae. Int J Fish Aquat Stud 2016;4(2):170-182.