Author(s): J Sreenivasa Guptha, M Renuka, Y Suneetha, M Srinivasulu Reddy

Abstract: The point of the present study was to assess the impact of xenobiotics on the cell reinforcement status in the liver tissue of freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus. Amphibian biological system including freshwater are being contaminated with an expansive number of poisons from diverse sources including metropolitan squanders, mechanical effluents, sewage, garbage's, farming squanders, local squanders, and so forth and these toxin rundown might contain tireless chemicals, including bug sprays and pesticides, overwhelming metals, and so forth are being brought through natural way of life cycle, in this manner the focus is expanding at every connection indicate representing a risk people, when expended the hydrobioants from dirtied environs. With the coming of a wide assortment of toxins into the amphibian environ, worldwide fisheries is confronting a steady decrease in their individual stocks. In the present investigation oxidative enzymes, antioxidant enzymes, enzymes involved in scavenging activity and end products of glycolysis including pyruvate and lactate were assayed in the liver tissue of freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus from the river bed of Pennar from Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh in regions receiving different levels and loads of pollutants. The xenobiotics present in the Aquatic environ showing the hepatotoxic nature and the status of antioxidant nature in the freshwater fish was monitored. The overall hepatotoxic effect of xenobiotics is probably related to a generation of free radicals, which alters the antioxidant status and membrane stability. Therefore, pollution of the aquatic environment by certain heavy metals, pesticides would adversely affect the biology of economically important organisms, including edible species like fishes, prawns, crabs etc. Since O. mossambicus significantly exhibits several biochemical stress responses to pollutants this fish species can be taken as a biological indicator of pollution index of Aquatic environment. These results obtained in the present investigation suggests that xenobiotics found in the River bed has a profound effect on the oxidative metabolism of fish, which results in the triggering of compensatory metabolic pathways for sustainability.

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