Author(s): Mohammad Reza Maleki Moghaddam

Abstract: Due to the high toxicity, ammonia threatens fish farms more than ammonium ion. Ammonia is produced as a result of deamination of the consumed amino acids and is released in aquatic environments through gills. Production rate and excretion rate of ammonia are directly related to the level of dietary protein and the ratio of digestible protein to digestible energy of the feed. Increase in the production and excretion of ammonia in fish lead to increase in heat increment in fish. The current study indicated that increased levels of lipids in the diet compared to the level of dietary protein, can affect the rate of produced ammonia and heat increment and reduced them. On the other hand, the current study showed that the addition of unique compounds such as phospholipids and conjugated linoleic acid (cis-9 trans-12, cis-11, trans-10 isomers) can increase the rate of absorption and catabolism of lipids in the diet. This in turn results in increasing the efficiency of enterocyte absorption of dietary lipids and its consumption in fish, which ultimately leads to saving dietary protein and reducing the rate of production of ammonia.

Pages: 431-436  |  1417 Views  95 Downloads

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